It has been a while since I left the communications industry. After changing the industry, I gradually forgot all the hardships and ups and downs of communication.
The night before yesterday, I suddenly returned to the days when I was doing technical support for mobile communications (core network) in my dream. I went back to working 7*12 hours, carrying my laptop every day, and there was no day (including Chinese New Year) where I could eat and sleep peacefully. , Back to the days when I had to travel more than 250 days in the previous year.
SendRouTIngInfo, ProvideRoamingNumber.. .
IAM, ACM, ANM.. .
CallingParTIngNunber, CalledPartyNumber, NatualofAddress.. . .
Mc, Nc, Nb interface. . .
PC addressing, GT addressing, direct connection, LSTP, HSTP forwarding. . .
E163/164, E212, E214. .
46000-》86139, 46001-》86130. .
Signaling address, voice hardware address, voice logical address. . .
"When the RNC signaling is interrupted, what should I do?" "Look first to see if there is a problem with the transmission, if not, restart the module and try!" "Still not working" "I'll connect it to see, you turn on the log switch!" "Signaling" The gateway is out of order..." "...switch to the spare module first!.. Don't be alarmed by the customer..."
It turns out that I have been working in communications for ten years. How can I easily forget all this? This has been deeply carved into my bone marrow and my genes.
Corresponders are smart, hardworking, hardworking, and dedicated; they give a lot but ask little.
Just as my beloved wife told me, "You should write a little bit about correspondence, and you can show it to your children in the future." So I had the idea of ​​writing "Ten Years of Communication". I took some of my experience and memories, especially about this The insights of the industry are shared with you.
1. Industry analysisIn the communications industry, I think essentially there are two types of companies: operators and equipment vendors. The domestic operators are China Mobile, Telecom, and China Unicom; there are nearly 100 international operators. There are currently 5 equipment vendors, all of whom are global giants, E, H, A, N, and Z; these companies can basically provide a package of solutions from core networks to wireless, IP, and transmission. There are also certain technical content for billing and signaling analysis. Others are not worth mentioning, such as DT, FH, Gen. There are also small companies such as engineering companies, integration companies, labor outsourcing companies, and companies that provide low-tech accessories such as DDF shelves.
I think terminal equipment manufacturers, SP manufacturers, and software companies are closer to the end users and are consumer electronics formats, so I won’t elaborate on them here.
The communications industry has experienced two major upsurges in the country. One is the big development of the fixed network in the mid-1990s, and the other is the big development of mobile communications around 2000. During this period, the communications industry has experienced a leapfrog development. Every family has a phone, and everyone has a mobile phone. It has also spawned a large number of companies with very good benefits, and the communication has established the concept of "high technology and high treatment" in the minds of the public.
The communication industry has relatively high requirements for people. When I was in college, my surrounding students and I felt that communication was much harder than other majors. It is necessary to understand hardware and software, as well as databases, signal systems, radio frequency, analog technology, and digital technology; there are only 7 or 8 courses in mathematics. After working, I also feel that this industry is very difficult. I must be rigorous, careful, not make mistakes, and have perseverance and patience.
The communications industry has entered the 4G era from 2G and 3G, and the era of mobile office and entertainment has arrived. Almost everyone is enjoying the benefits of the communications industry, but few people understand the hardships and various XX.
2. Communication Dilemma
The appearance of the communications industry has taken up the light of "high-tech", and many parents are willing to send their children to study. In fact, the communications industry has gradually begun to decline after the wave of mobile communications around 2000. The far-sighted President Ren of Company H once put forward the slogan "Winter is here", and some people have inferiority.
Since 2005, the average increase in the actual salary of various communication companies has basically been difficult to beat inflation; the brothers of the operators have reported that things are more and more, and the shortage of people and wages has increased; since 2007, various equipment companies have been one after another. The news of layoffs came out (we ran out of money). The indisputable fact is that motorcycle was acquired by Google, Nortel was acquired by A, A and L merged (currently, many people in A gritted their teeth when mentioning L, thinking that L dragged A), Siemens merged with N, and now they have withdrawn again. ;There are still many small companies that close their doors directly. When an industry develops upward, there will always be many companies joining; when it goes downhill, there will always be companies withdrawing, possibly closing down, possibly merging (holding groups for warmth?), or possibly withdrawing. Obviously, the communications industry is in a downward trend. I have been analyzing the reasons, analyzing and thinking. It was not until I left that I dug into the reasons. As the saying goes, "I don't know the front of Mount Lu, but I am in this mountain."
I list several reasons that I have summed up and are commonly circulated within the industry, and then analyze them one by one.
1) Wolf competition of H company (not the main reason)
2) The myth of TD turns into nonsense (important reason)
3) Industry characteristics (the primary reason will be analyzed in detail)
â— Wolf competition of H company
First of all, I don't agree with this statement. But the industry is spreading, I will talk about it here. Company H is a company I admire and identify with, and Ren is always one of the few entrepreneurs in China who is respected by me. Company H has sent me many invitations to join, but for various reasons, I didn't go there. However, it is undeniable that from a small private enterprise, H Company is currently the world's second largest in sales (not much different from No. 1), the world's leading communications equipment company with the No. 1 profit, and is involved in communications ****, Software, mobile terminal and other fields.
Objectively speaking, H Company broke the previous monopoly of foreign-funded enterprises and made Chinese people proud of the world. Its scale and profit growth rate have attracted worldwide attention. Just like "I don't blame my classmates for studying hard at night" for poor exam results, one company cannot be blamed for the decline and decline of the entire industry. Besides, H's own profitability is good, and it can only be said that other manufacturers can't compete. Of course, H’s employees are extremely hardworking and have "abnormal XX", but in any case, employees have the freedom to do or not to do it. Moreover, after leaving the communications industry, I found that competition in other industries was no less intense than that of communications, and many companies had more labor intensity than H.
â— The myth of TD turns into a ghost
On January 7, 2009, the Chinese government officially issued a TD-SCDMA business license to China Mobile. China Mobile has also started the second phase of TD-SCDMA network construction in 28 municipalities, provincial capitals and cities in China. .
3G was finally issued. Not long after this year, China Unicom and China Telecom also obtained WCDMA and CDMA2000-EVDO 3G licenses.
Is 3G really running smoothly in China? In December 2013, the 4G license (TD-LTE) was released, which was obviously a slap in the face of China's 3G policy. In the case that the 3G cost has not been recovered, the 4G license is issued so quickly, it can only be said that China's 3G policy has completely failed. At least China Mobile has lost confidence in TD (it's too obvious to slap yourself when switching to W, so it is called the development of 4G).
What is TD-SCDMA? ?
If Baidu clicks, there will be a lot of results, what is China's unique intellectual property rights 3G standards, what smart antennas, and what technology is leading. . .
Let's look at the rate first:
CDMA2000EVDORevA downlink 3.1M uplink 1.8M;
WCDMAHSPA downlink 14.4M uplink 5.75M, follow-up can be upgraded to HSPA+42M downlink;
TD-SCDMATD-HSUPA2.8M downlink 1.6M uplink.
TD-SCDMA is the slowest, and everyone can feel the actual test results. China Unicom China Telecom China Mobile. Just look at which operator's 3G network card sells well to know that the eyes of the masses are discerning. (In addition to the package gift, will anyone pay for a mobile MIFI card?)
What about the others? Smart antennas, everyone knows this is nonsense. Cover, MyGod. Switch? It is far worse than W and C. The synchronization requirements are high and the technology is difficult. Another fatal problem is that the industrial chain is extremely immature. (Even if the technology is advanced, the immaturity of the industrial chain is also a not-to-ignorable and even fatal shortcoming) Equipment vendors can also force order production, users can not play with you, so there are fewer terminals. Therefore, Apple and Nokia (which were still very good in the past few years) will not accompany you to play. Samsung will pretend to deal with it. Most of the TD manufacturers are domestic manufacturers and copycat manufacturers.
As a consumer, would you be willing to use a broken mobile phone with a shameless speed on the so-called "Chinese intellectual property" network? So, change the operator! There are also many people like me who don’t want to change their numbers or use two mobile phones. Then use the 2G network first. Calling and sending text messages are no problem anyway. It’s a big deal to endure the slow Internet speed and don’t use 3G.
In this way, a large number of people with sufficient spending power cannot enjoy the mature WCDMA or CDMA2000, and can only endure the turtle speed E or even G.
To say that the high-levels are really smart, fighting over and over, and finally the mobile communication operators are integrated into three (why not four or two? Because of the three standards). The best W is for the weakest Unicom, and C is for China Telecom, and by the way, take care of the face of the American uncle; TD is for China Mobile, and China Mobile is not "strong"!
Why is the TD so weak "A Dou" insisting on supporting him? Why doesn't the country require that everyone's computers do not use Intel and AMD CPUs, and are forced to use "Loongson" and "Hanxin"? (Here is a joke, Hanxin is a scandal of Shanghai Jiaotong University)
Is it for national security? No, this is not "two bombs and one satellite", not aircraft carriers, nuclear submarines and J-10 fighter jets.
Is it to support innovation? No, TD's core network signaling is "compatible" with WCDMA. To put it bluntly, it is directly plagiarized, and there is no trace of modification. (Somehow you change the name of IAM to IAM-TD, SRI to SRI-Chineseversion, it would be too lazy to copy directly!!) The wireless performance of TD is very poor, even if it is innovation, it is not worth promoting "innovation" . (Note: TD-LTE has little to do with TD-SCDMA)
Is it to avoid patent fees? No, W is a European ITU standard, and there is basically no patent troll. Moreover, at present, major equipment vendors have the right to speak in the ITU, and no manufacturer will ignore a market as large as China and use expensive patent fees to set up barriers.
Such a standard with poor technical indicators, immature industry, and a lot of opposition from various quarters, it is enough to apply for a "patent", why should rigid apportionment be rushed?
It is estimated that the senior management believes that the communications industry, especially China Mobile, has a "big business" and is playing well. Success is a great victory for "Chinese Intellectual Property" (is there no intellectual property rights in the core network?), and failure is not a big deal.
It was such a hasty and very unprofessional decision. Many elites in the industry put forward the opposing decision to launch TD, and it was passed.
Consequences:
1) Seriously violate the principle of "technological neutrality". It shows that China Mobile is only forcing one company to use TD. In fact, it is forcing China Mobile's 700 million users to use immature standards and cannot enjoy mature 3G****.
2) Severely violate the technical criterion of "unified standards, survival of the fittest". The current trend of technical standards is uniform, such as the TCP/IP protocol on the Internet. The two standards of the 2G era, GSM and CDMA, have been criticized by many people. There is actually one more standard in the 3G era, which is still an extremely immature and backward standard.
3) In order to wait for TD to mature, 3G will be issued until 2009. WCDMA has been used in European countries for 5 to 6 years.
The above points lead to
1) The operator wants to buy W (or C), and the user wants to use W (or C) but cannot use it. China Mobile's network speed is low and the signal is poor, so fewer people use it; China Unicom's telecommunications network can do it but there are fewer users. Since the communication industry chain is user-"operator-"equipment vendor; users do not pay, so everyone is starving.
2) An additional set of immature but the main push standards for research and development, the cost of network optimization has also increased a lot.
3) The user waited until the day lily was cold. Many applications that rely on 3G have also been greatly affected, affecting a large area of ​​communications peripheral industries.
â— Industry characteristics
The predicament of the communications industry has a lot to do with the characteristics of this industry. Winning or losing does not matter. I sum it up, the main ones are the prosperity and the decline, the market direction and the big ship problems.
1) Prosperity and decline
The communications industry was once very prosperous in the fixed-line wave of the 1990s and the mobile wave around 2000. However, the past few years have lost its glory and tended to sink. This is an inevitable trend in every industry, with prosperity and decline. Did you know that in the early 1980s, the wages of textile factory workers exceeded that of banks? Do you know that in the late 1980s, taxi drivers made a lot of money, and many people looked for flight attendants as girlfriends?
Do you know that in the 1990s, steel mills had to be trusted to get in? Compared with banks at that time, civil servants are much more popular.
It's just that this process of ups and downs is faster and more obvious in the communications industry.
The installation of fixed telephones in the 1990s and the mobile phone boom around 2000, as the communications industry has greatly contributed to GDP growth and the improvement of the overall social efficiency, the country has also made a lot of investment, and the entire industry is booming.
An old operator told me that when I installed the phone in 1994, I would not go out after 3 o'clock every day. I went to the user’s home to install it, and I had to pay for the alcohol to toast the cigarettes. It’s like now, it’s difficult to do things with little money!
Obviously, the "good days" mentioned above cannot be sustained. Economic principles show that when there is excess profit in an industry, other competitors will pour in to divide the profit until the profit drops to a normal level.
The communications industry is like a rich kid who was used to spending his money in his childhood, and fell into a bad family as an adult, and he suddenly became uncomfortable. When it got worse, the habit of extravagance hadn't changed all of a sudden.
What’s more frightening is that due to the glorious and high profile of the entire industry, many people in society still believe that the communications industry is “great profitsâ€. Therefore, there are constant voices of rectification, blame, and “de-monopolyâ€, and tariffs are only reduced. Does not rise. What is profit, profit = income-cost. The cost is low, but the profit remains high. This is the truth about China Mobile's financial report. The cost cut is to deduct the hard-earned money of suppliers and grassroots employees. The beautiful financial report still gave the society the impression of "communications are full of oil and water".
There is an old saying, "The wood is beautiful in the forest, and the wind will destroy it." Just to be a joke, I really should study the power system. The monthly salary of employees is tens of thousands, the industry losses require state subsidies, and the price of electricity has risen repeatedly. "Making a fortune with a muffled sound" is far better than "playing a swollen face to fill a fat man".
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