In 2009, the LED lighting industry was not adversely affected by the global financial crisis. The LED lighting industry has become popular with the influence of government policies, LED lighting efficiency and overall product cost. At the same time, the green economy and low-carbon economy have become the focus of global attention; the market demand for new energy and energy-saving products such as solar/wind power generation is increasing day by day, which also brings opportunities for innovation and innovation to the electronic components industry. Broaden the development space of related power devices, drive circuits, power modules, thermal management, and connector products.
Illumination
Driven by the “Ten Cities and Ten Thousand Miles†lighting project, the national street lights and 24-hour continuous use of tunnel lights have become the first major projects to be replaced. Metros in several major cities have also started to popularize LED fluorescent lamp energy-saving projects. The double pull of technology and market has created a group of emerging enterprises in the LED lighting industry chain. According to the latest data, the number of LED-related enterprises in Shenzhen has rapidly grown from more than 700 in 2007 to more than 2,000 in 2009.
It is estimated that 2010 to 2011 will be the two years of rapid growth and popularity of LED commercial lighting. Driven by long-term use efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection factors, high-lumen output commercial grade LED lighting systems will increase significantly in 2010, such as parking lot lighting, office lighting, factory lighting, warehouse lighting and other areas. In addition, another key application growth market for high-brightness and high-throughput LEDs will be the backlighting of large-size LCDs in flat-panel LCD TVs, notebook computers and notebook computers. Some research institutes predict that the LED industry is about to enter a new expansion period, and will grow at a double-digit rate of more than 15% in the next three years. This growth will result from more high-brightness (HB) and high-throughput LEDs entering a new generation of next-generation lighting applications. At the same time, the light source efficiency of LED street lamps has reached 132lm/W, and the whole lamp efficiency is 70-80lm/W. In terms of cost, LED street lamps have been almost the same as high-pressure sodium lamps. It can be foreseen that the luminous efficiency and cost reduction will promote LED street lamps in 2010. Every field has a lot to offer.
The pace of the lighting industry is not just stopping here. The development of high-throughput LED bulbs with luminous efficiencies exceeding 100 lumens per watt, and innovative designs that allow LEDs to use AC without the need for inverters are driving LEDs. Close to being adopted by the mainstream general lighting market. iSuppli predicts that LED bulbs will really enter the residential and corporate general lighting market in 2010. There is no doubt that the long-term future of LEDs lies in general lighting.
In addition to the LED lighting efficiency improvement and cost reduction factors, the most important driving factor is the increasing attention and support of governments in the energy conservation and environmental protection new energy industry. Whether it is the Copenhagen World Climate Conference, which was closed in 2009, or the important measures taken by many countries in the world to cope with the financial crisis, supporting the development of new energy sources has always been a decisive and important position.
All indications are that new energy will be a technological revolution based on a low-carbon economy in modern times. It is foreseeable that 2010 will be a year of development around new energy. In the future, the value chain of the new energy industry will focus on new energy collection and new energy utilization. More effective collection and development of new energy applications will open up new value growth points for semiconductor manufacturers. Such as LED lighting, solar / wind power, electric vehicles and more new applications.
In 2010, new energy and new applications of electronic components and new applications, in the field of solar / wind power and other fields to explore technological changes and market demand caused by electronic device changes and the latest challenges.
Wind Power: 2010 New Opportunities / New Challenges
Among all kinds of renewable energy sources, wind energy is the most competitive in terms of current technology maturity and construction feasibility. In the long run, the prospects of the global wind energy industry are quite optimistic, and governments have continuously introduced incentive policies that are conducive to the development of renewable energy, bringing huge market opportunities to the industry. According to the latest research report released by Deutsche Bank, the global wind power development is entering a period of rapid expansion. The wind energy industry will maintain a growth rate of 20% per year. It is estimated that by 2015, the total output value of the industry will increase to five times the current level. Such huge demand and market provide new opportunities and challenges for semiconductor companies.
Since wind energy is a very unstable energy source, the voltage, frequency and power output of the fan are very unstable, so it can't be directly input into the grid without treatment. In the process from wind power generation to grid-connected operation, devices such as rectifiers, inverters, thyristors, protection devices, and transformers play an important role.
A large wind farm that can be connected to the existing national grid usually consists of the following components: wind turbines, rectifiers, inverters, controllers, thyristors, synchronizers, lightning protection devices, transformers, connectors and Other control systems.
The rectifier is used to convert the alternating current generated by the wind turbine into direct current to reduce the loss of electrical energy during transmission as much as possible. Near the grid end, the inverter converts the DC power coming from the rectifier into a sinusoidal wave used by the grid, and then ensures that the generated AC power is synchronized with the grid through the thyristor and the synchronizer and the sine wave AC is connected to the grid.
The inverter is usually composed of an IGBT module, a freewheeling diode, an IGBT gate driver, a drive protection, a filter capacitor, a choke coil, a heat sink, an isolator, and an MCU. The efficiency of wind turbines is directly related to the efficiency of the inverter, and then depends on the energy efficiency of the components used. Therefore, domestic electronic component companies have huge business opportunities in the inverter market. In addition, high-power wind power applications require high-power IGBT devices or modules that can withstand thousands of amps of current and thousands of volts of high voltage, and they must be highly reliable, providing companies that produce high-reliability, high-power devices. Business opportunities for new energy services.
In order to absorb more energy, the height of the hub and the diameter of the impeller increase, and the risk of being struck by lightning is relatively increased. The lightning strike has become the most harmful disaster in the natural world for the safe operation of wind turbines. The huge energy released by lightning can cause damage to the blades of the wind turbine, insulation breakdown of the generator, and burning of control components. Therefore, the lightning protection solution for wind turbines is extremely important. The lightning protection devices are generally gas discharge tubes (GDT), thyristors, TVS diodes or metal oxide varistor (MOV) against overvoltage, and overcurrent protection. Restore the PolySwitch device or disposable fuse. The circuit protection seminar launched by Electronic Components Technology Network in 2009 brought together the best circuit protection companies in the industry and provided a complete set of circuit protection solutions.
It is generally necessary to add a transformer between the inverter and the grid. Since the grid voltage is generally up to tens of thousands of volts, such a high voltage inverter cannot be used, so a large transformer is required for boosting, and a large domestic transformer company starts. Earlier, the technology and price advantages were obvious, such as Tianwei Baobian and other domestic enterprises.
Cost reduction leads to solar industry expansion
As another big market in new energy is solar energy application, it is estimated that China's solar power market demand will reach 620 million US dollars in 2010, and the annual growth rate of 138.5% can also see its development potential.
The vast market drives manufacturers to desperately reduce the cost of solar power generation, the simplest of which is to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells. However, most of the current solar energy conversion efficiency can achieve commercial mass production of no more than 20%, although there is a lot of room for improvement, but limited by the limitations of the basic materials, its progress is very slow. Looking at the core of AC power generation applications: solar panels, solar charge controllers, batteries and inverters, semiconductor manufacturers' opportunities are mainly concentrated in the charging and inverter sectors.
Since the input energy of the solar photovoltaic system is extremely unstable, it is generally necessary to configure the battery system to work. The choice of battery capacity generally follows the following principles: First, the energy of the solar module during the day is stored as much as possible while meeting the night illumination, and at the same time, it is necessary to store the energy required for the illumination of the predetermined continuous rainy night.
In the solar system, the inverter converts the direct current into alternating current. When the lighting load is DC, it does not need to be used (such as LED lighting). At present, there are solar lighting systems directly powered by solar energy. It is believed that this trend will be more applied in the future. It must be used when the lighting load is an AC load. Considering the low efficiency of solar photovoltaic conversion, this highlights the importance of inverter conversion efficiency. The choice of power electronics in a solar inverter is critical to achieving minimum loss and maximum efficiency of the inverter. In the case of solar inverter applications, insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) can provide more than other power components. Benefits, including high current carrying capacity, control by voltage rather than current, and enable anti-parallel diodes to be paired with IGBTs. How to properly select IGBTs for solar inverter applications, engineers are designing inverters and improving conversion The challenge of efficiency.
In addition, most independent solar power generation equipments have a remote and harsh working environment, which requires the inverter to work stably for a long time under harsh operating conditions and less maintenance conditions. Therefore, many inverters also add circuit short-circuit protection and owe Pressure protection, overcurrent protection, reverse connection protection and lightning protection.
The company expects global inverter shipments for solar systems to increase from 723,329 in 2008 to 9.5 million in 2012. The vast application of solar systems requires the use of more batteries and inverters, which presents tremendous opportunities for power supply design and component manufacturers.
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