There are many ways to improve the reliability of power supply. At present, there are mainly the following methods.
First, artificial aging, screening methods: the use of "manual" aging method for screening. The failure rate λ(t) of the device component is divided into three periods as a function of time, as shown. This curve is often referred to as the bathtub curve.
1. Early failures are high, but as time increases, the failure rate decreases rapidly. The cause of the failure during this time is due to defects in the design, raw materials and manufacturing processes.
2, the accidental fault is relatively stable, can be regarded as a constant, and the value is low. In the course of operation, the period of this period should be extended with enhanced maintenance.
3. The failure rate increases during the loss period due to mechanical and electrical wear and aging of the insulation. Most of the components will fail during this period.
The "aging screening" method is to end the "early", extend the "accidental period", and replace the "loss period" in time to improve the reliability of power supply. This method is primarily for non-repairable components.
Second, the redundancy method: its meaning is actually equivalent to "extra". To put it simply, in order to meet the requirements of the function, in order to ensure the reliability of the system, appropriately add "components with the same function" as backup. For the distribution network, optimize the distribution network structure, realize the “hand in hand†ring network power supply, and implement “dual power supply†or even “three power supply†power supply mode for important users.
Third, attach importance to construction, maintenance quality is the guarantee to improve the reliability of distribution network
Improving distribution network reliability is a long-term, long-lasting task. The quality of construction and maintenance is a very important part. It must be strictly checked, and the quality of construction and maintenance can reduce the failure rate. In particular, the design and galvanizing quality of non-standard fittings used in distribution networks is currently a top priority. Otherwise, after three years of urban network transformation, a large number of severely rusted fittings will be replaced, the workload will be particularly heavy, and reliability will not be improved. To guarantee. This is a very easy one to neglect. Must be highly valued.
Fourth, use advanced equipment to achieve distribution network automation
Using advanced equipment (low failure rate), real-time monitoring of the distribution network through the communication network, keeping track of the operating conditions of various components in the network, and eliminating the failures in time. Realize distribution network automation, can automatically isolate fault segments, and restore power to non-fault segments. Realizing distribution network automation will greatly improve the reliability of power distribution network, and achieve 99.99% power supply reliability.
V. Management of distribution network reliability
1. Human management
With the development of science and technology, the scientific content of the distribution network is constantly improving, which will put forward higher requirements for the quality of personnel. The staff should not only be familiar with the operation, maintenance, planning, design, etc., but also understand the operation and maintenance of the computer and distribution network automation. Therefore, we must start with the training of personnel, training methods, training content, and so on. Continuous improvement of the professional quality and ideological quality of personnel can be qualified for their jobs.
2. Power outage management
(1) Power outage mode: At present, there are three main types of power outages. The first type is planned power outage. According to the monthly production plan, the power supply plan for the next month will be applied to the dispatch at the end of the month. The second type is temporary power outage, mainly to deal with the fault, and temporarily apply for power outage to the dispatch (the time is generally 1~2). Hour); the third type of power outage is a nighttime power outage, with a small amount of work, and nighttime maintenance work under safety premise, although this does not improve the reliability of power supply (currently counted in the number of households during power outages). But it can reduce the loss of electricity and also get good social efficiency.
(2) Comprehensive power outage: There are two main situations. The first type is between departments, and the dispatching office adjusts according to the power outage application of each department, so that the work arrangement of each department is carried out on the same day. In addition, the dispatching office notifies other departments whether there is work according to the power outage application of a certain department; the second is between the various teams of the department, and the department adjusts itself and uniformly reports the power outage. In this way, repeated power outages can be avoided to achieve the purpose of improving reliability.
Sixth, develop live working, improve distribution network reliability
Live working is the operation of powering high-voltage electrical equipment and facilities without power failure. The development of live working is an important means to improve the reliability of power supply. Live working has great advantages. First, to ensure uninterrupted power supply to improve economic efficiency; second, the contact procedures are simple and improve work efficiency; third, the operation is not subject to time constraints; fourth, the equipment defects can be eliminated in time. Therefore, the development of live working is also the guarantee and basis for the power supply reliability rate of 99.99%.
Improving the reliability of distribution network power supply is not only the needs of users, but also the development needs of power supply enterprises. Improve the reliability of power distribution network, not only can reduce power outage losses, avoid economic disputes caused by power outages, but also establish a good image of power supply companies.
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