Tips for disk array management
ã€Introduction】
Disk array (Redundant Array of Inexpensive, referred to as RAID) as a main method of data storage has been widely adopted in many enterprises. Disk array is a safe and reliable way of data storage backup, but the disk array system itself also has security problems, which also need to be managed and maintained. If the management is not in place, once the system fails, it is difficult to recover manually, which will cause unnecessary losses to the enterprise.
Disk array (Redundant Array of Inexpensive, referred to as RAID) as a main method of data storage has been widely adopted in many enterprises. Disk array is a safe and reliable way of data storage backup, but the disk array system itself also has security problems, which also need to be managed and maintained. If the management is not in place, once the system fails, it is difficult to recover manually, which will cause unnecessary losses to the enterprise. Therefore, according to different business data volume, different data security requirements, combined with the technical support of the disk array products used, appropriate management and maintenance measures can be formulated to avoid system errors and ensure data security in the entire network system.
Pay attention to check the operation log file
The log file of the disk array records the internal operation of the disk array in detail, including the serial number, severity level, related server IP address, specific location of the device, and the time of the event. These information are used for diagnosis and It is very useful to troubleshoot the disk array. Doing a good job in the daily management of log files can often play a role in prevention and prevention. Using RAID data redundancy technology, even if one physical disk is damaged, it will not affect the normal operation of the system and the data I / O. Users can still access the server normally. At this time, the fault is not easy to be noticed, but the array is actually in a safe state. In the critical state, the next step will be the risk of sudden downtime and storage data loss at any time. The log file records this situation in a timely manner. The damaged disk is recorded as an off line, and the array where it is located is recorded as a critical state ( criTIcal), you can find this error and hidden danger in the operation of the array in time by checking the log, quickly eliminate the fault, and ensure that the array is always in a safe operating state.
Pay attention to backup system configuration parameters
After the disk array system is established, the logical configuration, physical configuration, status configuration and other parameters of the disk array should be recorded in time, including the size of each logical disk used, RAID type, stripe capacity, data writing method, and which physical disks Composition, each physical disk channel number, target serial number, manufacturer, model, capacity, array controller model, firmware (Firmware) version, whether it is in standby standby state (Hot Spare) or online state (On Line), etc. The above configuration parameters are indispensable in the process of emergency reconstruction of the array and recovery of stored data after the disk array or operating system crashes. Generally, the array controller BIOS chip is loaded with array configuration software, and the administrator backs up the above parameters in the form of files.
Back up important data regularly
Equipped with a disk array does not mean that you can sit back and relax. Due to factors such as equipment investment costs and technical complexity, it is impossible to use array controller redundancy, disk redundancy, hot spare disks, backup batteries, or dual UPS power supplies. Technology, so important data must be backed up. In the "9.11" incident in the United States, it was the tape backup and remote disaster recovery system that saved the financial giant Morgan Stanley, which shows the importance of data backup. The media for data backup can be magnetic tape, readable / writable optical disc, or disk. The backup method can be local backup through the operating system or remote backup through the network system.
Create a hot spare disk
Hot spare disk is another technology of RAID technology. When a physical disk in use in a disk array fails, a standby disk will go online immediately. Instead of this failed disk, the array controller will use the redundant data on the logical drive. , Rebuild the data originally stored on the failed disk to the hot spare disk through the verification algorithm. There must be three conditions to become a hot spare disk: one is to have a capacity not less than the failed disk; the second is that no data can be stored at ordinary times, that is, the idle is not used; the third is that the array controller's automatic data reconstruction function is effective. There can be only one hot spare disk in an array. The hot spare disk increases the chance of a data escape. The system administrator should promptly replace the failed disk and designate a new hot spare disk.
Check data consistency regularly
Data redundancy is one of the main technologies of disk arrays. Disk arrays achieve fault tolerance through data redundancy. However, due to various reasons, it is inevitable that redundant data will be inconsistent with the primary data block (Primary Data), resulting in data failure Even downtime and other phenomena. Consistency check can find and correct potential erroneous data in time to ensure the integrity of the data in the array. By checking the consistency of the disk data of RAID mirroring each other, or re-checking the main data block, and comparing the generated check data with the redundant data, inconsistent error data can be found. The general interval of consistency check should be 1-2 times per week.
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