Founded in late 1998, the LIN Association was originally founded by BMW, Volvo, Audi, VW, DaimlerChrysler, Motorola and VCT, five automakers, a semiconductor manufacturer and a software tool manufacturer. The main focus of the association is to define an open set of standards for low-cost internal interconnect networks (LIN) in vehicles that do not need to use CAN networks for both bandwidth and complexity. The LIN standard includes definitions of transport protocols, transport media, interfaces between development tools, and interfaces to software applications. LIN increases the flexibility of the system architecture and provides interoperability for nodes in the network, both in terms of hardware and software, and foresee better EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) characteristics.
LIN complements the current multi-vehicle network within the vehicle and provides the conditions for grading the in-vehicle network, which can help the vehicle achieve better performance and lower costs. The LIN protocol addresses the rapidly growing demands for software complexity, achievability, and maintainability in distributed systems, and will meet this requirement by providing a highly automated tool chain.
The following is a description of the car lin bus waveform.
Lin bus waveform
A new rule from the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) threatens to upend the American hemp industry, and could even result in criminal prosecutions for manufacturers of CBD and delta-8 THC products.
The DEA says the [interim final rule," issued Aug. 20, is simply a matter of adjusting its own regulations to account for changes to the Controlled Substances Act that were mandated by the 2018 Farm Bill (or Agricultural Improvement Act) that legalized hemp and CBD production. The new rule [merely conforms DEA`s regulations to the statutory amendments to the CSA that have already taken effect," says the agency. The new rule doesn`t break any ground, according to the DEA.
But many experts on cannabis and hemp law say the DEA rule creates a potential pathway the law enforcement agency could use to prosecute hemp processors and producers of CBD (cannabidiol) and delta-8 THC (or Δ8THC) products. There are two issues: partially processed CBD, and [synthetically derived" delta-8 THC.
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