On November 2, 2017, entrusted by the National Manufacturing Power Construction Strategy Advisory Committee and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Chinese Society of Automotive Engineers organized more than 500 industry experts to study and compile China's "Energy-saving and New Energy Vehicle Technology Roadmap" for a year. Released at the "China Society of Automotive Engineers Annual Meeting" in Shanghai. In this technology roadmap, it is required that the energy density of pure electric vehicles should exceed 350 Wh/kg in 2020 and 400 Wh/kg in 2025. To achieve this goal, it is not a small challenge for the four major materials of power battery: positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte and separator.
Figure 1: The "Technical Roadmap for Energy Saving and New Energy Vehicles" requires the development goals of power batteries
Figure 2: 2017-2018 National Subsidy Standard for New Energy Vehicles on Technical Requirements for Mass Energy Density of Power Battery Systems
Source of data: 2017 and 2018 National "Financial Support Policy for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles", data arrangement: True Lithium Research, September 20, 2018.
From the 2017-2018 National Subsidy Standard for New Energy Vehicles on the technical requirements for the quality and energy density of power battery systems, it can be seen that for various types of new energy vehicles, the technical requirements for the quality and energy density of power battery systems are increasing, and subsidies are declining.
In 2017 and 2018, the release of the national "Financial Support Policy for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles" and the decline of subsidies accelerated the competition and integration of the new energy vehicle industry and the lithium-ion power battery industry.
Figure 3: Methods of Electrolyte Manufacturers to Improve Electrolyte Energy Density
Data curation: True Lithium Research, 20 September 2018.
Figure 4: The layout of the new lithium salt additive LiFSI of electrolyte manufacturers
Data curation: True Lithium Research, 20 September 2018.
The increase in energy density requirements has forced enterprises to adopt a system of high-voltage high-nickel ternary positive electrode plus silicon carbon negative electrode. The higher the high pressure, the stronger the decomposition ability of the electrolyte, so the solution is more complicated. The countermeasures of the electrolyte in the industry mainly include several aspects:
One is to use positive protective additives;
Second, the use of efficient and elastic negative electrode film-forming additives can form a good SEI film with a small consumption to resist the damage of transition metal ions;
The third is to use anti-overcharge additives and flame retardant additives to improve the safety of the battery system;
The fourth is to use a new lithium salt additive LiFSI to suppress gas swelling, improve battery safety, and improve the conductivity, high and low temperature performance and hydrolysis resistance of the electrolyte.
In the face of such a complex situation, Guo Yingjun, chairman of Xianghe Kunlun, pointed out that the high energy density electrolyte solution is complex and the technical threshold is very high. The relevant enterprises do not have enough R&D strength and R&D channels, so it is difficult to make a good product. However, the powerful giants in the electrolyte industry have crossed the sea, each showing their magical powers and coming up with their own solutions. Among them, the positive and negative film-forming additives are represented by Xianghe Kunlun, Xinzhoubang, Tianci Materials, and Lande Energy. The lithium salt additive LiFSI is represented by Xinzhoubang, Tianci Materials, Yongtai Technology, Shanshan Co., Ltd., Fute Battery, Jiangsu Huasheng, and Shandong Blue Economy Industrial Park.
Chart 5: Average price of dimethyl carbonate from January to August 2018
Data source: True Lithium Research, September 20, 2018. Unit: RMB 10,000/ton.
Chart 6: Average price of lithium hexafluorophosphate from January to August 2018
Data source: True Lithium Research, September 20, 2018. Unit: RMB 10,000/ton.
Chart 7: Average price of mainstream electrolyte products from January to August 2018
Data source: True Lithium Research, September 20, 2018. Unit: RMB 10,000/ton.
The electrolyte market in 2018 was not optimistic. From January to August, the average price of electrolyte products showed a downward trend. The average price of mainstream products dropped from 48,500 yuan/ton in January to 37,500 yuan/ton in August, a decrease of 22.68 %. The average price of high-end products dropped from 80,000 yuan/ton in January to 70,000 yuan/ton in August, a decrease of 12.50%. The average price of low-end products dropped from 31,500 yuan/ton in January to 22,500 yuan in August. Yuan/ton, down 28.57%. The market price of solvents has increased. In 2018, the average price of dimethyl carbonate from January to February remained at 7,900 yuan / ton, from March to June at 7,200 yuan / ton, and rose to 7,950 yuan / ton in July. Before August It rose to 9,000 yuan/ton in three weeks, and rose to 11,500 yuan/ton in the last week of August. From January to August, the average price of dimethyl carbonate increased by 45.57%. The solute market price dropped. The average price of lithium hexafluorophosphate from January to August 2018 dropped from 155,000 yuan/ton in January to 110,000 yuan/ton in August, a decrease of 29.03%.
The decline in the price of electrolyte solutes cannot compensate for the rise in solvent prices, the pressure on the cost of electrolytes increases, coupled with the continuous decline in the prices of electrolyte products, the current electrolyte market can be described as a piece of chicken feathers: the price of solvents increases arbitrarily and the supply is insufficient; The price war between peers is still "fancy staged"; the downstream power battery market demand is slow to see heavy volume; the expansion projects of large enterprises in the same industry are still in full swing; It also appears that the expected upturn in the electrolyte market in September will be more difficult.
Faced with such a difficult and complex market situation, how can electrolyte companies get out of the predicament and regain their sight? In addition to external factors, it is undoubtedly an effective method to strengthen technology research and development, develop high-energy density electrolytes, and enhance their own strength.
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