With the continuous expansion of the application range of the Internet of Things technology, the development of cloud computing as one of the important components has rapidly increased. Experts predict that in three years, the average annual compound growth rate of the cloud computing market will reach 91.5%. In 2010, China's cloud computing market size was 16.731 billion yuan, and in 2013 it will reach 117.412 billion yuan. Cloud computing has brought hope to software companies, but in 2012, the survival of domestic software is not optimistic. Due to the poor macroeconomic situation and weak IT demand of enterprises, the performance of domestic management software has generally declined this year.
Not long ago, Miao Wei, Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said, "In foreign countries, cloud computing mainly integrates existing server resources, integrates idle resources, and builds a virtual data center. However, in many parts of the country, it is often one million new servers , There is a lot of blindness. "
In response to this phenomenon, the competent authorities have taken measures. Experts said that in the future, it is necessary to improve and establish a cloud computing service market access system, accelerate the formulation of management regulations on the quality, evaluation, and certification of cloud computing services, and gradually establish a cloud computing trust system to maintain fair competition in the market.
At the same time, the National Development and Reform Commission is planning to standardize the development of the cloud computing industry from the following five aspects:
One is to further improve the market environment. It is necessary to improve and establish a cloud computing service market access system, strengthen the supervision of the interconnection of Internet backbone networks, accelerate the formulation of management regulations on the quality, evaluation and certification of cloud computing services, and gradually establish a cloud computing trust system to maintain fair competition in the market. order.
The second is to vigorously develop cloud computing services. Efforts should be made to cultivate public cloud computing service enterprises, to innovate and develop diversified services, and to guide the orderly development of enterprise proprietary clouds. Strengthen the development and utilization of big data to serve economic and social development.
The third is to continuously optimize the cloud computing infrastructure. It is necessary to integrate and use existing resources, strengthen the overall layout of cloud computing data centers, avoid blind construction of data centers, accelerate the optimization and upgrading of network infrastructure, and promote open sharing of information resources and business collaboration.
The fourth is to accelerate the improvement of cloud computing independent innovation capability. It is necessary to give full play to the role of corporate innovation, strive to break through the core key technologies, strengthen the integration of cloud computing and the Internet of Things, the next generation of Internet and mobile Internet in the field of innovation, service innovation to drive technological innovation, promote industrial chain collaborative innovation, improve the industrial ecosystem.
Fifth, we will focus on strengthening the security of cloud computing. We must improve the security protection system to ensure the security of cloud computing services, improve the support of cloud computing information security, and ensure the security of information in the cloud computing environment.
What is Car Ethernet
Car Ethernet is a new local area network technology that uses Ethernet to connect the electronic unit in the car. Unlike traditional Ethernet, which uses 4 unshielded twisted pair cables, car Ethernet can achieve a transmission rate of 100Mbit/s or even 1Gbit/s on a single pair of unshielded twisted pair cables. At the same time, it also meets the requirements of the automotive industry for high reliability, low electromagnetic radiation, low power consumption, bandwidth allocation, low latency and synchronous real-time. The physical layer of on-board Ethernet uses BroadRReach technology, and BroadR-Reach's physical layer (PHY) technology has been standardized by the One-pair Ethernet Alliance (OPEN). Therefore, it is sometimes called Broad RReach (BRR) or OABR (Open Alliance BroadR-Reach). The MAC layer of vehicle Ethernet adopts the IEEE 802.3 interface standard and seamlessly supports widely used high-level network protocols (such as TCP/IP) without any adaptation.
On-board Ethernet protocol architecture
Vehicle-borne Ethernet and its supported upper-layer protocol architecture are shown in Figure 1. Vehicle-borne Ethernet mainly involves OSI layer 1 and Layer 2 technologies, while vehicle-borne Ethernet also supports AVB, TCP/IP, DOIP, SOME/IP and other protocols or application forms.
On-board Ethernet framework
Among them, AVB is an extension of traditional Ethernet functions, which enhances the real-time performance of traditional Ethernet audio and video transmission by adding precise clock synchronization, bandwidth reservation and other protocols, and is a network audio and video real-time transmission technology with great development potential. SOME/IP (Scalable Service-Oriented MiddlewarE on IP) specifies the video communication interface requirements for vehicle camera applications, which can be applied to the field of vehicle cameras, and realizes the mode control of driver assistance cameras through apis.
As an extension of AVB protocol, Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) introduces related technologies of time-triggered Ethernet, which can efficiently realize the transmission of automotive control information. In addition, the on-board Ethernet of the 1Gbit communication standard also supports Power Over Ethernet (POE) function and Energy-Efficient Ethernet (EEE) function. The POE function provides power for connected terminal devices while transmitting data through twisted pair cables, eliminating the need to connect external power cables to terminals and reducing the complexity of power supply.
On-board Ethernet standardization
In terms of in-vehicle Ethernet standardization, the IEEE802.3 and IEEE802.1 working groups, AUTOSAR, the OPEN Alliance and the AVnu Alliance have played a major role in promoting it.
The IEEE802.3 local area network standard represents the mainstream Ethernet standard in the industry, and the on-board Ethernet technology is developed on the basis of IEEE802.3, so the IEEE is currently the most important international standardization body for on-board Ethernet. In order to meet the requirements of the car, it involves the development of a number of new specifications and the revision of the original specifications within the two working groups of IEEE802 and 802.1, including PHY specifications, AVB specifications, and single-wire to data line power supply. In addition, AVB related to AV transmission, timing synchronization and other specifications also need to be standardized by other technical committees of IEEE, such as IEEE1722 and IEEE1588.
OPEN Alliance
The OPEN Industry Alliance was launched in November 2011 by Broadcom, NXP, and BMW to promote the application of Ethernet-based technology standards to in-car connectivity. The main standardization goal is to develop a 100Mbit/s BroadR-R physical layer standard and develop OPEN interoperability requirements.
AUTOSAR
AUTOSAR is a consortium of automotive manufacturers, suppliers, and tool developers that aims to develop an open, standardized automotive software architecture, and the AUTOSAR specification already includes the automotive TCP/UDP/IP protocol stack.
AVnu
The AVnu Alliance was formed by Broadcom in collaboration with Cisco, Harman and Intel to promote the IEEE 802.1 AVB standard and the Time Synchronization Network (TSN) standard, establish a certification system, and address important technical and performance issues such as precise timing, real-time synchronization, bandwidth reservation, and traffic shaping.
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Shenzhen MovingComm Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.movingcommtech.com